Summary But what is the message of China’s rise as an economic and political power? Tongdong Bai addresses this pressing question by examining the history…
Topic: Foreign Policy
Abstract In December 1949, Mao Zedong, paramount leader of the newly founded People’s Republic of China, travelled to Moscow to negotiate a military alliance with…
Abstract Exceptionalist discourse is on the rise in American politics. In an article published in the Atlantic, Terrence McCoy found that the term ‘American exceptionalism’…
Abstract This paper presents “strategic hedging” as a way to conceptualize much of the strategic behavior currently employed by second-tier states like China, Russia, Brazil,…
Abstract One balmy Washington evening in June 2011, President Barack Obama was set to deliver a highly anticipated address declaring the drawdown of US forces…
Summary The collapse of the bipolar international system near the end of the twentieth century changed political liberalism from a regional system with aspirations of…
Abstract In the aftermath of the Cold War, the leaders of the Russian Federation faced the unenviable task of creating national armed forces using what…
Abstract During the Cold War, an influential group of American defence planners sought to understand Soviet defence decisions by grasping the Soviet mind, including exploring…
Abstract In a previous Survival article, I argued that, contrary to widespread belief, the United States has been pursuing at least one pillar of an…
Abstract This paper proposes a model for explaining shifts and variations in U.S. grand strategy. The model is based on a distinction between four ideal-type…
Abstract Since the Enlightenment, the driving concepts of Western civilisation have been the belief in its own superiority and the theory of linear progress in…
Abstract The ongoing reallocation of wealth and power from the West to the “rising rest” promises to produce a new pecking order over the course…
Abstract Power struggles and political fragmentation have been endemic to the Islamic Republic of Iran since its founding in 1979. But although internal division may…
Abstract The East Asian “tribute system” from 1368 to 1841 comprised an enduring, stable, and hierarchic system, with China clearly the hegemon, in which cultural…
Abstract Iran’s power in the Middle East has always been as a spoiler. The Arab Spring could have been an opportunity to build, but Tehran…
