Zhao, Hong

Abstract
Myanmar has been described as a “de facto Chinese client state” or “a virtual Chinese satellite,” within the construct of China’s strategic design to develop its western region. The last decade has also found a shift in Indian policy toward Myanmar—from its opposition to the military junta to a more pragmatic, non—interventionist policy. This shift is mainly due to four factors: the economic development of India’s Northeast, India’s increased interest in trade and investment with ASEAN, India’s search for energy security, and increased China’s influence in Myanmar. After analyzing these two countries’ strategic interests and energy rivalry in Myanmar, this paper concludes that relative to China, India has no clear policy or long term vision with regard to building a greater trade and economic relationship with Myanmar, aside from acquiring gas for Eastern India. In contrast, China has a clear and long term strategic framework for developing its western region and securing its energy supply — with considerable diplomatic channels and resources at its disposal. Therefore, despite China’s decreased leverage vis—à—vis Myanmar over the years, it still enjoys a privileged position within Myanmar’s foreign relations, particularly at a time when Myanmar is in relative isolation within the world community.
PDF