Ayub, Maria

Summary
Advent of 21st century and globalization increases the importance of oceans because almost 80% to 90% trade travel through sea. Though security of ocean was important in past but now security of oceans is major concern of states. Maritime means related to ocean so maritime security means, security on, in and from the sea. There are five oceans in this world and Indian Ocean is important because of world’s major choke points lies in Indian Ocean. In these days Indian Ocean become hot place for piracy and terrorism. Specifically Somalia is hot place for piracy due to internal problems of Somalia; piracy incidents increase not only the areas of Somalia but also in the whole Indian Ocean. In case of maritime terrorism there is no major terrorist activity on sea after 2004. Both maritime piracy and terrorism are threat for economy as in 2011; $159.62 million was paid to Somali pirate and due to maritime terrorist activity in 2002, almost 50% of shipping by Yemen port cut for a month and Yemen lose $3.8 million just in one month. Seafarers are having threat from these two threats as they are kidnapped by pirates or killed in terrorist activities. Maritime piracy and terrorism are posing.